Personal Plan What Are Your Personal Goals English Language Essay

Individual Plan What Are Your Personal Goals English Language Essay Setting an arrangement for future is the most remarkable procedure of pondering our future and spurring ourselves to accomplish our fantasies and carrying them to the real world. The way toward defining objectives causes us to pick where we need to be a major part of our life, what we need in our life, and what steps we have to take in our life to accomplish our objectives as we have arranged. Individual arrangement is the most significant advance we have to take it. Individual arrangement causes us to push ahead towards our vocation chasing for an occupation, to go into business, and furthermore our future with our family. In this way, I have set a few intends to accomplish my objectives. I accept that how large we think, enormous we dream, and huge we plan, that is the way huge we accomplish our objectives throughout our life. I generally ponder my future. Subside Druckers quote the most ideal approach to anticipate what's to come is to make it, is one of my preferred statement whi ch invigorate me the and motivation to make my arrangements for my better future. So with this motivation I generally envision my future from since I was a child. By envisioning my life a long time from now, one of my arrangement and dream is to get hitched to fellow who adores me a ton, who thinks about me and my family, offering admiration to all, who is very much settled and furthermore who will consistently remains close to me my joy and misery. Trust and comprehension are one of the principle significant things which I might want to give significance in my wedded life. As of now I am not in a relationship yet I might want to have somebody in my life who will fill as long as I can remember with shades of bliss. I would get hitched to a person of my fantasy and would be living with him for my life time. As I am from an Indian family I might want to wed to an Indian person. I have faith in joint family framework along these lines, I might want to live in a joint family after my marriage with my better half and his family. Joint family causes us to keep solid bond connection between one another in family, which keeps solidarity and furthermore gives us support during any need. Joint family trains youngsters to regard our senior and the capacity to forfeit what they need throughout everyday life. I might want to have two kids, one young lady and one kid and need to be the best mother for my child. I dont need to place my children in keeping an eye on they dont take care as one relative or a mother takes for their kids. I might want to work from 7:00 am until 3:00 pm, as I would be back at home when my children are back at home from school. Investing energy with the family is exceptionally important to keep family upbeat. I might likewise want to go through my ends of the week with my family and might want to go out with them and cooking a few specials nou rishments for my family as cooking is one of my preferred leisure activities. Investing energy with childrens is so significant provided that we don't invest time with youngsters then they are going to feel ignored and no one is giving them significance nor no one loves them. This kind of sentiments powers kids to foul up things and redirect them in wrong way. Along these lines, I might want to give condition of solidarity, love and harmony to my youngsters. Investing energy with spouse is additionally as significant as adding time with kids to run our marriage life easily. At present I am occupied with my examinations and employment so I couldnt deal with my wellbeing, yet I might want to put on some weight by keeping up my figure as I am hitched now and might want to keep up my wellbeing as in different manners as well. I might want to turn out to be each day for an hour in future which I am not ready to keep up my calendar in present. I might want to improve in sex from 18 years of life. I might want to have some enough cash that I can deal with my family and satisfy needs of my family. I might want to purchase my own home where I would be living joyfully with my family and might likewise want to set aside cash around $75000 in my record by deducting all costs, for example, vehicle protection, contract, bills for different utilities, my childrens costs, and our other day by day costs. What are your Career Goals? At present I am seeking after my undergrad training in bookkeeping, money, and MIS focus and intended to graduate with 150 credits by January 2011 and take my four year college education. I might want to be paid at list 55000 every year at section level occupation with some experience of temporary job. While proceeding with the activity at firm I might likewise want to take my CPA permit. I might want to finish my four year certification and get my CPA permit. In present I dont have all day work however I might want to make some full memories work from where I could accomplish everything I could ever hope for. In the wake of completing my investigations I intended to work in a quickly developing bookkeeping and fund firm where my aptitudes and information would be tested day by day in a professional workplace. My profession objective is to aside from the regularly moving professional workplace to create myself. I am a free and a dependable individual. I might want to begin my profess ion with large four firm or either a quick developing businesses of bookkeeping and fund. As I am as yet starting my profession I would go for any situation of bookkeeping and fund accessible in the firm since that position may be a venturing stone to our prosperity, however I would most favor the administration work. Government occupations gives a wide scope of advantages like protection, retirement, standardized savings, frugality sparing arrangement, leave and occasions, enrollment reward and some more. Government occupations give protection to mind and life dependent on choices which remembers the family protection for it. Government occupations gives a few others choices of investment funds comparative 401k arrangement, gives paid 13 days wiped out leave every year and paid get-away leave every year relying upon number of long periods of administration. Additionally one of different advantages is that we are given upto 25% of fundamental compensation before entering working. I more want to work in an administration organization as they have more advantages and I might want to work in an inspecting office as it has wide scope of territory, for example, scientific reviewing, deals evaluating, outside examining, inward reviewing, and some more. I am likewise keen on learning SAP FICO, which is utilized for money and controlling. A wide range of fields, for example, Senior Financial Analyst, Financial Analyst, Senior Accountant, Staff Accountant, Cost Accountant, Financial Analyst Accountant, and CFO are required to know about SAP FICO. Media pay for work for the individual with the SAP FICO aptitude begins from $46208 for staff bookkeeper and most noteworthy $99157 for CFO as indicated by rating by pay scale (Salary Survey for Skill: SAP Financial Accounting and Controlling (SAP FICO) (United States)) . I might want to be CFO of an organization and help the firm accomplishes its objective. One of I will probably include the best amount of worth to the organization where I am working in a most limited measure of time. I might want to assemble the incredible certainty among my collaborators towards me and furthermore might want to work at a spot where individuals comprehend the significance of cooperation. I like to work in f irm where colleagues will be useful and mindful. A key arrangement for your future? I have arranged my own and vocation objectives and I attempt to accomplish it as indicated by my objectives. I accept that on the off chance that we need prevail in our life, defining objectives is one of the most significant objectives towards progress. To achieve our objectives we can simply say I need to do this today and hope to be finished. Objectives setting a procedure where we really need a genuine difficult work to accomplish our objective. As I referenced before in vocation objectives that I need to become CPA inside quite a while from now. So to achieve my objective I would be buckling down for my CPA tests and extra I would do all day work. I additionally intended to get hitched in five years, so to achieve my own objective of getting hitched inside 5 years I have to initially get myself settled and might want to be in relationship in the wake of completing my four year certification. I would make the most of my wedded life and investing energy with my significant other. I might want to begin my own CPA firm inside a long time from now. Experience and information are the two most significant targets important to go into business. So I choose to work in any administration firm or open firm and addition some experience and afterward go into business. I might likewise want to take my MBA degree before going into business. To go into business speculation is the most significant factor to be made in business. Along these lines I might want to have a speculation of around at any rate $60000 in my business, on the grounds that new business needs some an ideal opportunity to settle in advertise. To achieve my objective of beginning business and taking my MBA degree I need to try sincerely and should be increasingly sorted out. While doing my business and studies I need to make a point to invest energy with my family as well. I would do my business and might want to purchase an inn inside a long time from now. I might likewise want to venture my cash more in property and might want to give it on lease with the goal that we can likewise have side pay by sitting at home. I might likewise want to do put my cash in stocks. I might want to build up my business as quick as could be expected under the circumstances. I would employ a few people for my business as I couldnt be there at better places at an equivalent time. I have all sort of experience presently yet at the same time I might want to get consistently update with regularly evolving innovations. So I might want to get preparing and involvement with new forthcoming innovations inside the quite a while from now. Another innovation makes our work simpler and quicker, for instance PC. So its so critical to get information in new up and coming innovations. I would be 66 years of age following 35 years. I have accomplished everything in my life as I arranged. I might want to land resigned from position and might want to focus on my business. I would assist my child with getting information on our business as he would be the person who will be dealing with it. I might want to get one house in Anaheim, in southern California since adoration that city. It has kept up parks and trees on the roadways. I would be as yet putting my cash in stocks

Organizational Behavior - Leading and Motivating Iranian Employees Essay

Hierarchical Behavior - Leading and Motivating Iranian Employees - Essay Example Rial has deteriorated altogether henceforth first crude materials are increasingly costly to buy and the clients anticipate no adjustments in cost and nature of definite items. On the off chance that you charge them more they will go to your rivals. In the event that you don’t charge them more for your costs, you won't win your overheads and the organization will fail. Alongside endorse there are inward and outer components that influence Dorna Company and its workers. This paper will talk about why cash in Iran is the most significant impetus and help for laborers, if there are whatever other components that propel an Iranian specialist and how might we lead them so as to accomplish authoritative objectives. Pay is one of the fundamental factors that inspire employees’ execution in an association. While in different nations like Switzerland, workers will in general additionally care for other standards in a vocation beside cash - get-aways (Keller) and long stretches of etc.higher positions (Staff), and so forth - for Iranian representatives it with simple to get persuaded once compensation is collected or remunerated by more cash as a little something extra or commission. Be that as it may, envision if this framework goes on each time a chief needs to propel his representatives or urge them to carry out a responsibility. Dorna is a printing organization, which has been running for a long time. Dorna got one of the most well known and solid printing organizations in Tehran and its prosperity was gotten from two principle factors. First the utilization of exceptional high innovation hardware imported from Germany, in addition to the all around prepared group of staff who was sent to Europe to get their training and endorsements in the printing field. These last years in light of approval (Denis Balibouse) and restrictions in bringing in and sending out, the organization confronted some new issues. Laborers are not propelled any longer. The primary crude material for printing machines isn't accessible as in the past, along these lines the organization can't play out a daily schedule. The costs are not as modest as the period before the assents since the Iranian Rial has deteriorated

story) Series 2014 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

New SIPA Student (photo/story) Series 2014 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Summer officially begins this weekend but school is out and for most, summer is already here with lazy days and mild summer temperatures. If you are a follower of the SIPA Admissions Blog, you will know that each summer we run a series of new students photos.   Last year we included stories about their summer adventure prior to beginning classes at SIPA in the fall.   Blog readers have informed us that they like seeing/reading what our students are up to each summer.   Well, its that time of year again when we make a request for submissions. All you NEW SIPA STUDENTS, we encourage you to submit pictures (travel photos, artistic photos, event photos) to post and share on the Blog.   If you would rather provide a short post about what you are doing this summer before enrolling at SIPA, well be happy to share that too.   We typically post 3 photos per student so the maximum number to send along for consideration should be no more than four.   If you are sending a story about your summer activities, please limit it to five paragraphs. To participate, simply send along your photos or story as attachments to this address: sipa_new@columbia.edu.   Please include the subject: 2014 Blog submission.   We will try to post everyone’s submission but it may take a few weeks/months (depending on how many people are willing to share their experience) for us to share all of them this summer. If you plan to submit (and experience at least 24-hours of fame), please include the following when submitting your pictures/story: Your Name Your Degree Program (MIA, MPA, MPA-DP) Where the photo was taken (if submitting a photo) A brief description of the photo (if submitting a photo) Looking forward to receiving your submissions.

The Canadian Charter Of Rights And Freedoms - 883 Words

Introduction: Exchanging ideas to build upon the status quo, or to justify it After the storm clouds of apartheid lifted to reveal the Rainbow Nation of South Africa in 1994, the first democratically elected government was tasked with drawing up a new constitution that would properly enshrine the human rights that had so long been denied the majority of citizens. One source drawn upon in developing the new constitution was the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, itself then little more than a decade old. It is not necessary to be a constitutional scholar to detect many similarities between the two; indeed, Canada’s pride in this connection is such that it is highlighted on the Government of Canada s webpage on bilateral relations with South Africa, which boasts â€Å"South Africa s 1996 Constitution and Bill of Rights draw heavily on Canada s Charter of Rights and Freedoms†. Viewed together, the Canadian and South African documents represent progressive advances in the constitutional enshrinement of human rights; as such, each reflects an enlightened view of human rights at the time it was drafted, with subsequent jurisprudence reflecting attempts to accommodate emerging global norms. For instance, the South African Bill of Rights offered the world s first explicit constitutional recognition of equality based on sexual orientation; at roughly the same time it was being drafted, the Supreme Court of Canada read in similar protections as an analogous ground under theShow MoreRelatedThe Canadian Charter Of Rights And Freedoms1617 Words   |  7 Pages Since its inception in 1982 the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, very much like its primary architect Pierre Trudeau, has been one of the most celebrated yet controversial elements of Canadian politics and governance. Revealing how this dynamic emerged requires a nuanced understanding of the moti vation behind the Charter and the techniques it employed to succeed. The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, like the entire patriation process, was motivated by and mobilized support throughRead MoreThe Canadian Charter Of Rights And Freedoms1613 Words   |  7 Pages The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms simply referred to as the â€Å"Charter†, is a significant document in regards to the Canadian constitution. Its primary aim is to uphold individual rights and freedoms and promote equality in administering justice. However, its passage in 1982 has led to increased controversies given that the Charter gives courts more power in interpreting its provisions while sidelining the legislature (Boyd 118). This means that the advent of this Charter was the end ofRead MoreThe Canadian Charter Of Rights And Freedoms840 Words   |  4 PagesThe Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is an important milestone in Canadian history. An effort through rigorous debate and compromise gave birth to this document that defines our collective values and principles by guaranteeing and protecting the fundamental rights of its citizens. Prior to the Charter, there was no gurantee in Canada that rights and freedoms would not be taken away by legislation. T he Charter also allows courts to render the constitutional duty so that any decisions made areRead MoreCanadian Charter Of Rights And Freedoms1888 Words   |  8 PagesThe Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms protects the rights of Canadian citizens and provides them with assurance that all Canadians will be treated equally under the law. The Charter claims to guarantee rights and freedoms, fundamental freedoms, democratic rights, mobility rights, equality rights, language rights, legal rights, and enforcement rights, and Aboriginal rights. Although the Charter claims to guarantee the rights and freedoms of Canadian citizens, the government is still able toRead MoreThe Canadian Charter Of Rights And Freedoms1258 Words   |  6 PagesThe Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms was established in 1982 and was put into place by the Trudeau government. The purpose of the Charter was to protect the rights of Canadian individuals and to establish independence from Britain. However, o ne section of the charter sparked much controversy, this was section 33, also known as The Notwithstanding Clause. The purpose of this clause was to allow the state to override a right protected by the charter, for various reasons. These reasons includeRead MoreThe Canadian Charter Of Rights And Freedoms1531 Words   |  7 PagesBasing the Basics on a Belief in Something Bigger The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, implemented in 1982 outlines the rights and freedoms that Canadians have as citizens of this country. In this paper I will ask whether we need such a charter, whether we can trust the interpretation of the Charter by the Supreme Court and how the Charter balances power in a democratic way. I will then contemplate the foundational place morality holds in the lawmaking process. In all of this I argue thatRead MoreThe Canadian Charter Of Rights And Freedoms1386 Words   |  6 Pagesprinciple by entitling an accused of even the most heinous crimes to civil liberties and processes as not to compromise the criminal trial process. A fair trial is an intrinsic right of all members of society making it fundamental to our being, and is ergo ensured to us all under s.11 of the Canadian Charter of Rights Freedoms. Provided with other preemptive measures to guarantee justice is achieved in the criminal trial proceedings. Additionally, the courts help facilitate an understanding of theRead MoreThe Canadian Charter Of Right And Freedom1225 Words   |  5 Pagescriminal and family justice system has become very complicated, slow and extremely expensive for majority of Canadians. These issues are particularly glaring to low income earners, people with disabilities and other minorities. Canadian justice system have become incapable of providing solutions that can addressing problems brought to it. With the creation of the Canadian charter of right and freedom, access to justice became more of an equality issue. It moved from simply being the capacity to litigateRead MoreThe Canadian Charter Of Rights And Freedoms1504 Words   |  7 PagesThe Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms(CCORAF) Guarantees a Free and Democratic Society The Charter of Rights and Freedoms upholds the individual rights of all Canadians. Agree or disagree with the following statement. The Charter is part of Canada’s constitution; the highest law of Canada, which sets out the framework for how Canada is to be governed. The CCORAF sets out those rights and freedoms that Canadians feel are necessary to maintain Canada as a free and democratic community. The CharterRead MoreThe Canadian Charter Of Rights And Freedoms2016 Words   |  9 PagesFreedom of expression, set under section 2(b) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, is one of Canada’s most valued rights in the bill of rights of the Constitution. It has paved the way for the society in which thirty-five million people reside today. With this level of influence and admiration, it is truly a fundamental right. However, many ground-breaking cases have illustrated the need to limit freedom of expression. A prime example is the landmark case that took place in 1990 surrounding

Personality Development By Mary D. Salter Ainsworth And...

Main Idea Attachment, as defined by â€Å"Infants, Children, and Adolescents† is the strong emotional connection that develops between an infant and caregiver, which provides the infant with a sense of joy, comfort, and emotional security (Berk, 2012, p. 264). Between 6 to 12 months of age, infants typically have developed said strong emotional connection to familiar people who have responded to their need for comfort, care, and other needs. While many individuals might suggest that a baby’s emotional connection to the mother serves as the basis upon which all future relationships are built, how this strong emotional connection develops has been a source of debate for decades. Theories that attempt to explain the emotional bond between an†¦show more content†¦Ethology, an approach that has become widely accepted in recent years, is focused upon the â€Å"adaptive, or survival, value of behavior and its evolutionary history† (Berk, 2012, p. 264). According to â₠¬Å"Infants, Children, and Adolescents,† the ethological theory provides that babies are biologically prepared to contribute actively to establish a bond with their caregivers, which promotes the chances for their individual genes to survive. Since ethologists believe that behavior can be best understood in terms of one’s adaptive value, a full understanding of the entire organism-environment system, including physical, social, and cultural aspects is sought (Berk, 2012, p. 264). John Bowlby, who first applied this approach to the infant-caregiver bond, maintained that the quality of future relationships is directly related to the quality of an infant’s attachment to the caregiver (Berk, 2012, p. 265). Evaluation of Evidence Inspired by Konrad Lorenz s (1952) study of imprinting in baby geese, Bowlby believed that an infant, just like the young of most animal species, is born with built-in behaviors that ensure that a parent stays close by, which improves the odds that the infant will remain safe from danger. Through these built-in behaviors, a strong emotional connection develops. According to Lorenz, this strong emotional connection serves as a reference for future relationships. Granted, Bowlby s ethological theory of attachment appears to be

The Five Pillars of Islam †Shahadah Free Essays

string(244) " sun has touched the western horizon Before bed; known as ‘isha when the last glimmer of red has faded from the western sky Muslims usually say their prayers on small prayer mat, known as sajjada, lways facing towards the holy city of Mecca\." The Shahadah (profession of faith) What is it? Specific, religious description Shahadah (testimony, oath) (witness, to know and believe without suspicion) Summary and declaration of Muslim faith One enters Islamic faith when reciting the Kalima (statement of faith) â€Å"I bear witness that there is no other deity but, Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is the messenger of Allah† (in Arabic) Muslims recite the Kalima with understanding and full internal acceptance It is not sufficient for anyone to just recite these words but one should believe in it by heart with a firm conviction Reciting the Kalima, they proclaim that : 1. Allah is the only God and Muhammad is his prophet; 2. accepts that this is true - Should be constantly and consciously present in the heart of every muslim 3. We will write a custom essay sample on The Five Pillars of Islam – Shahadah or any similar topic only for you Order Now and that they will obey all the commitments of Islam in their life These words are the first words newborns hear, and the last words heard by the dying. A Muslim lives with these sentences, hears them and utters them at least once every day Part of the ritual prayer in the 2nd pillar of Islam For sunni Muslims, it is the first of the five pillars of faith; while the Shi’a connects it to their lists of pillars of faith The Shahadah has certain conditions that makes a person benefit from the Kalima (testimony of faith) 9 Conditions of the Shahadah: Knowledge (‘ilm) having the basic and general knowledge of the shahadah what this testimony concerns? As a normal person would have to know what they are testifying about when making an oath. because not knowing what you are testifying about is absolutely unacceptable. It would mean nothing, basically. Certainty (yaqeen) In Islam, any kind of doubt is similar to disbelief (Kufr) Muslims have to be certain of the truth of the Shahadah Allah describes the believers in the Qur’an â€Å"the (true) believers are those only who believe in Allah and His messenger and afterward doubt not, but strive with their wealth and their lives for the cause of Allah. Such are the sincere. â€Å"? (al-Hujjarat : 15). Muslims have to be certain of the truth of the Shahadah and that there is no sense of doubt or wavering of hearts. oubts and suspicions are more dangerous than lusts and desires for a person’s faith cure: is the sound knowledge of the Qur’an and Sunnah Acceptance (qabool) after knowing and being certain of the shahadah, one must accept it believer accepts the implications of the shahadah = also means believing in what the Qur’an states or by the Prophet without any questions asked whatever comes from Allah or Muhammad, a true Muslim believes in it as the truth Submission (Inqiyad) he actual physical enactment with the deeds of the shahadah duties to be performed with sincerity to Allah and seeking forgiveness and guidance from him the meaning of Islam itself, â€Å"the submission to the will and commands of Allah† eg. performing the five daily prayers as it is compulsory for them to do so; and reciting the Kalima everyday of their lives Truthfulness (as-sidq) saying the shahadah honestly. One to mean it. Hypocrites - not believing in it but saying it to protect themselves and gaining something from doing so Sincerity (ikhlass) eaning of sincerity is opposite of shirk (nifaaq)-(avoiding or neglecting a duty or responsibility) when making the shahadah, must do it for the sake of Allah they are Muslims only for the sake of Allah, all of their actions are done only for the sake of Allah are they Muslims for their parents and would do whatever their parents would like them to do? or are they muslims f or allah’s sake and would do whatever Allah wants them to do? Love (mahabbah) love of the shahadah, its meaning and being happy with it Denial of False worship orship only Allah and deny any false deities(Taghoot) Adherence (astaqeem) adherence or support of it until death reflects in the Hereafter the shahadah is a Muslim’s banner until death to be in complete state of surrender, submission, obedience to Allah Muftah ul Jennah (Key to Paradise) Proclaims it with sincerity and devotion and acts and lives in accordance to its requirements How and why is this pillar important for the everyday life of a muslim? Most important article of faith Reinforces(strengthens, promotes) the muslim faith and represents acceptance f Allah and Muhammad and the religion, Islam The significance of this declaration is the belief that the only purpose of life is to serve and obey Allah through the teachings and practices of Muhammad Reciting the Kalima is the most essential act of Islam Th e Second Pillar – Prayer The faithful perform ritual prayer – which is known as Salat – at least five times each day This the expression of gratitude and love towards Allah By practicing Salat is also the recognition of the greatness of Allah and the inferiority of man Prayer offers guidance and peace of mind for the faithful To prepare for Sadat, Muslims perform wudu or ritual washing of the face, arms and feet. Formal prayer incorporates various postures such as standing, kneeling, bowing and touching one’s forehead to the ground. This demonstrates the act of submission and surrender before Allah The five prayer times are determined by the position of the sun in the sky, and not the clock, both men and women Muslims prayer at dawn, midday, mid afternoon, sunset and before going to bed. dawn; is known as fajr and is called when there is merely the slightest glimmer of light on the eastern horizon and homes are still in total darkness. The prayer must be performed before the sun appears over the horizon. It includes the words ‘prayer is better than sleep’ midday; is known as zuhr is just after the sun has reached its highest point or zenith mid afternoon; known as ‘asr, is just after the sun has reached the midpoint between the zenith and the western horizon sunset; known as the Maghrib is performed when the sun has touched the western horizon Before bed; known as ‘isha when the last glimmer of red has faded from the western sky Muslims usually say their prayers on small prayer mat, known as sajjada, lways facing towards the holy city of Mecca. You read "The Five Pillars of Islam – Shahadah" in category "Essay examples" The recitation that is essential for every unit of every prayer is the al-Fatiha – the first chapter of the Qur’an. How to pray to Allah: Make sure your body and place of prayer are clean. Perform ablutions if necessary. Make the intention to perform you r obligatory prayer. Standing, raise hands up and say â€Å"Allahu Akbar† (God is Most Great). Standing with hands folded over chest, recite the first chapter of the Qur’an in Arabic. Then recite any other verses of the Qur’an that you would like. Raise hands up, saying â€Å"Allahu Akbar. Bow, reciting three times, â€Å"Subhana rabbiyal adheem† (Glory be to my Lord Almighty). Rise to standing while reciting â€Å"Sam’i Allahu liman hamidah, Rabbana wa lakal hamd† (God hears those who call upon Him; Our Lord, praise be to You). Raise hands up, saying â€Å"Allahu Akbar. † Prostrate on the ground, reciting three times â€Å"Subhana Rabbiyal A’ala† (Glory be to my Lord, the Most High). Rise to a sitting position, saying â€Å"Allahu Akbar. † Prostrate again in the same manner. Rise to a standing position, saying â€Å"Allahu Akbar. † This concludes one rak’a (cycle or unit of prayer). Begin again from Step 3 for the second rak’a. After two rak’as, one remains sitting after the prostrations and recites the first part of the Tashahhud in Arabic. If the prayer is to be longer than these two rak’as, one now stands up and begins again to complete the prayer, sitting again after all rak’as have been completed. Recite the second part of the Tashahhud in Arabic. Turn to the right and say â€Å"Assalamu alaikum wa rahmatullah† (Peace be upon you and God’s blessings). Turn to the left and repeat the greeting. This concludes the formal prayer. The third pillar of faith: The Poor Tax. Description: The Poor Tax is also known as Compulsory Charity or Zakat. It requires every financially stable Muslim to give to this charity. Zakat is viewed as â€Å"compulsory charity†, for those who have received their wealth from God are obligated to give to the community in need. Islam requires man to consider his personal wealth as belonging to Allah and, therefore, to set apart a portion for Him. No maximum limit has been prescribed, but a minimum limit has definitely been fixed. According to statutory Zakat, each individual must abide by this and spend a fixed minimum percentage of his wealth every year in the way prescribed by Allah. Zakat must be paid on different categories of property including gold, silver, money, livestock and agricultural produce. It also requires an annual contribution of 2. 5% of an individual’s wealth and assets. This money that is given as Zakat can only be used for certain specific things, like to support the poor and needy, free slaves and is a form of social security in a Muslim society. Importance: Islamics encourages the sharing of their wealth with others and helps people to stand on their own and become active members of society. In Arabic, Zakat literally means â€Å"purification† this is considered to purify one’s heart of greed. The Zakat is also a means of helping those poor Muslims. If all Muslims paid their taxes there would be no poverty in the world. It is a system made by Islamics to help poor people and to maintain balance between luxury and poverty. It’s main purpose is to discourage the accumulation of wealth within groups in society and to fix the uneven distribution of wealth in society. Zakat, first and foremost, makes it plain to people that their entire ‘possessions’ are gifts of Allah The Zakat has great importance in the life of Muslims: It is a test of their faithfulness. It tests how one will help a those in need with what they have been given by God’s wealth. It is obligatory for all muslims. Those who refuse to pay the Poor Tax have false claims about being Islamic It separates the believers from the non believers. Those who believe in God would not ignore their requirement to pay the Poor Tax A payment of the Zakat brings Muslims together. The money collected is spent for the welfare of needy persons It removes social evils. The poor tend to commit theft because of their lack of money and by giving them financial support the crime level is lowered. It spreads wealth throughout the community. It gets a proportion of the money that many richer Muslim’s keep hoarded and it is then circulated throughout the market Importance: Zakat is the third ‘pillar’ of Islam. Zakat means setting apart for Allah every year a certain portion of one’s savings and wealth (generally 2. 5 percent) and spending it upon religious duties and on needy members of the community. The fulfillment of this duty is, in fact, a kind of reminder that all one has is in trust for Allah. Man should, therefore, hold nothing back from Allah. Islam requires man to consider his personal wealth as belonging to Allah and, therefore, to set apart a portion for Him. No maximum limit has been prescribed, but a minimum limit has definitely been fixed. According to statutory Zakat, each individual must abide by this and spend a fixed minimum percentage of his wealth every year in the way prescribed by Allah. Zakat is a symbol of one’s obligation to recognize the rights of others and to be in sympathy with them in pain or in sorrow. Zakat, first and foremost, makes it plain to people that their entire ‘possessions’ are gifts of Allah. Zakat is an annual tax, or duty, in essence and spirit: it is recognition on the part of man of the share which Allah, and other men, have in his wealth. – Zakaah purifies and cleanses wealth, and purifies the soul from stinginess and miserliness. It strengthens the love between the rich and poor, takes away hatred, makes security prevail and brings happiness to the ummah happy. The Fourth Pillar: FASTING IN ISLAM: Who must fast? Fasting ramadan is compulsory upon every Muslim, male or female, who has these qualifications: 1. To be mentally and physically fir, which means to be sane and able 2. To be of full age, the age of puberty and discretion, which is normally about fourteen. Children under this age should be encouraged to start this good practice on easy levels, so when they reach the age of puberty they will be mentally and physically prepared to observe fasting. 3. To be present at one’s permanent settlement, your hometown, one’s farm, and one’s business premises, etc. This means not to be on a journey of about fifty miles or more. 4. To be fairly certain that fasting is unlikely to cause you any harm, physical or mental, other than the normal reactions to hunger, thirst etc. Exemption from Fasting These said qualifications exclude the following categories: 1. Children under the age of puberty and discretion. 2. Insane people who are unaccountable for their deeds. People of these two categories are exempted from the duty of fist, and no compensation or any other substitute is enjoined on them. 3. Men and women who are too old and feeble to undertake the obligation of fast and bear its hardships. Such people are exempted from this duty, but they must offer, at least, one needy poor Muslim an average full meal or its value per person per day. . Sick people whose health is likely to be severely affected by the observance of fast. They may postpone the fast. as long as they are sick , to a later date and make up for it, a day for a day. 5. Travelers may break the fast temporarily during their travel only and make up for it in later days, a day for a day. 6. Pregnant women and women breast-feeding their children may also break the fast, if its observance is li kely to endanger their own health or that of their infants. But they must make up for the fast at a delayed time, a day for a day. . Women in the -period of menstruation (of a maximum of ten days or of confinement (of a maximum of forty days). They must postpone the fast till recovery and then make up for it, a day for a day. General Recommendations ?It is strongly recommended by Prophet Muhammad to observe these practices especially during Ramadan: 1. To have a light meal before the break of the dawn, known as Suhoor. 2. To eat a few dates or start breaking the fast bu plain water right after sunset, saying this prayer Allah humma laka sumna, wa’ ala rizqika aftarna. (O God! or your sake have we fasted and now we break the fast with the food you have given us). 3. To make your meals as light as possibe because, as the Prophet put it, the worst thing man can fill his stomach. 4. To observe the supererogatory prayer known as Taraweeh. 5. To exhange social visits and intensify humanitarian services. 6. To increase the study and recitation of the Qur’an. 7. To exert the utmost in patience and humbleness. 8. To be extraordinarily cautious in using ones senses, one’s mind and, especially, the tongue; to abstain from careless gossip and avoid all suspicious motions. No food, drink, smoke or sexual pleasures are aloud during this month of Ramadan. 5th Pillar of Islam: The Hajj Where did the belief originate from In Muslim belief, Mecca has a unique status that goes back to the dawn of time. The Qur’an tells the story of the disobedience of Adam and Eve, and their expulsion from the Garden of Eden for eating the forbidden fruit, in much the same way as does the book of Genesis. There are a number of popular stories about where they fell. One is that Adam fell on Sri Lanka, on the top of what is now known as Adam’s Peak, and that Eve fell in Arabia. They spent many years looking for and at last met each other on the site of one of the great rituals of the Hajj, not far from Mecca: the plain of Arafat. Millions of pilgrims congregate here each year. The word Arafat in popular etymology means ‘recognition’, and the plain has this name as the place where Adam and Eve at last met, recognised each other and were reunited. Adam built the original Ka’ba, to be known as the House of God—the first place of worship on earth. It thus preceded any other sacred site on earth. Description of pillar Hajj (pilgrimage) is a great annual event for Muslims. Hajj is an important ritual worship that should be performed by any adult Muslim (man or woman) at least once in life if one can afford it physically, financialy and safely. There are many reasons for why Hajj is important and for why Muslims perform hajj. First of these reasons is that Hajj is the fifth pillar of the Islam 5 pillars. You as adult Muslim (man or woman) is required to perform hajj at least once in your life if you can afford it financially, physically, and safely. Hajj (pilgrimage) is a great annual event for Muslims. Hajj is an important ritual worship that should be performed by any adult Muslim (man or woman) at least once in life if one can afford it physically, financialy and safely. Performance of the rites of the pilgrimage to Mecca, the Hajj to the seventh to the 10th day of dhu’l-hajja (12th month of the muslim calendar) Obligation for every Muslim to visit Mecca once in there life, who is of age, and of stable health, who has the financial means Significance of pillar The pilgrimage to Mecca is an important aspect of the Islamic religion. Every Muslim person with the financial means to go to Mecca are expected to visit the sacred site. Mecca is the birthplace of Muhammad but this is not the central reason for its importance to Muslim people. The central reason for the significance of the 5th pillar of Islam is that Mecca is considered by the Muslims as the city of God. At the centre of Mecca is the Sacred Mosque, built around the Ka’ba. Mecca has its own unique status as it goes back to the dawn of time. The Qur’an tells the story of the disobedience of Adam and Eve, and their expulsion from the Garden of Eden for eating the forbidden fruit, in much the same way as does the book of Genesis. Passage that relate to it The first House [of worship] established on earth is indeed that at Bakka [Mecca], [set there] as a blessing and guidance for all peoples. In it are signs that give testimony. [In it is] the place where Abraham stood. Whoever enters it is secure from harm. The Pilgrimage to the House is a duty humankind owes to God. (Sura 3:96–97) Proclaim to humankind the Pilgrimage! They will come to you on foot, hey will come on every scrawny camel, they will come from every distant valley to behold the blessings prepared for them and recite the name of God on the appointed days, [as they sacrifice] the beasts and cattle He has provided for them. Then eat of these cattle, and feed the poor and destitute. (Sura 22:27–28) The ‘Five Pillars’ of Islam are the foundation of Muslim life: Faith or belief in the Oneness of God and the finality of the prophethood of Muhammad; Establishment of the daily prayers; Concern for and almsgiving to the needy; Self-purification through fasting; and The pilgrimage to Makkah for those who are able. How to cite The Five Pillars of Islam – Shahadah, Essay examples

Registered Nurses and Accountability for Midwifery - myassignmenthelp

Question: Should Registered Nurses be Held Accountable for Their Own Practice? Answer: Introduction Accountability means being answerable, liable, blame worth as well as possibility of explaining about a certain action (Migrant, 2017). According to the definition by the American Nurses Associations code of ethics, accountability entails being answerable to ones own and others actions (Battie and Steelman, 2014). With regard to nurses, they may be held accountable legally, ethically, and professionally for their actions, including omissions and inactions. On the other hand, professional responsibility refers to the moral and ethical obligations that permeate the nursing profession (Reid, n.d.). Accountability mainly entails competency, maintenance, safeguarding of quality patient care, outcomes and heeding to profession standards at the same time being answerable to those that are affected by ones nursing actions (Ireland, 2017). In this regard, nursing accountability is a complex but vital concept. Currently, accountability is a principle relevant to all healthcare professionals. As the Royal College of Registered Nursing (n.d.) outlines, providers of health service are accountable to the criminal and civil courts. For RNS, they are accountable professionally to the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC). However, in many healthcare settings professional accountability has become an issue of concern. As Sherman (2013) claims, ethicists have observed as most healthcare aspects change, individuals willingness to accept accountability and responsibility has reduced. As such, the current paper seeks to explore the issue on whether RNs should be held accountable for their own practice. Evidently, RNs should be held accountable for their practice this keeps them in check to deliver quality care to patients, encourage them to meet the set standards of care. For an RN to be deemed accountable, they must depict various aspects. They must have the ability to carry out a certain intervention or activity, accept responsibility, and have the authority to perform it, through delegation, protocols, and policies of the organization (Royal College of Nursing, n.d.). According to the Australian Medicare Local Alliance (2013), RNs are accountable for their actions and care they provide. Additionally, they are accountable for the delegation of care decisions to another health care provider such as the EN. Also, RNs are accountable for arriving at professional judgments regarding when an activity goes beyond their scope of practice or their own capacity (Australian Medicare Local Alliance, 2013). Roles of Registered Nurses The role of a registered nurse ranges from performing physical examinations to taking health history of patients (Aurora University, 2017). Registered nurses also provide health promotion, counseling and education to clients (Charter College, 2017). Additionally, registered nurses have other roles in the hospital to deal with the patients. They administer medications, do wound care and other personalized interventions to clients (Aurora University, 2017).In order to know what is required of a particular client registered nurses interpret patient information while making critical decisions about the needed actions (Registered Nurses, 2017). The registered nurses are also in coordinating care in collaboration with other health care professionals like doctors and enrolled nurses. They do this in order to ensure smooth running of all the nursing activities in the particular health facilities. Apart from direct care for the patients activities, registered nurses also engage in other roles all of which contribute to the positive running of their overall responsibilities. For instance, the registered nurses are in charge of directing and supervising care delivered by other health care officers like nurse helps and other practical licenses nurses and supervises the less-skilled nurses or particular units (Charter College, 2017). The registered nurses also engage in conducting research for improved practice support and the betterment of the patient outcomes (Aurora University, 2017). Areas of Accountability There are several areas of accountability that RNs should be held accountable for. These include accountability to the patient, employer, profession, and to the union (Philips, n.d.). Foremost, RNs accountability is to the client where they hold out as individuals with special training, knowledge, and skills necessary to provide the best care. As such RNs have a duty to the client to offer standards of care that are reasonable and prudent. Compromising these standards would be detrimental to the patient and one should be answerable to the consequences. RNs accountability is also to their employer. As Philips (n.d.) outlines, as an employee, every nurse has a responsibility to carry out their duties in the scope of employment as the employer provides. As such, RNs are responsible for knowing their employment terms and work within them, and to know the procedures and policies that govern their employment scope. Failing to work within the defined scope may void the responsibility of the employer towards the RNs, thus leaving them to bear the liability cost of their activities Philips (n.d.). In addition to accountability to the client and employer, RNs are accountable to the profession where they are expected to meet their professions standards (Philips, n.d.). In this regard, RNs are required to carry out activities that are in the scope of their practice, and it is their responsibility to maintain as well as update the standards. With regard to accountability to the union, RNs should be aware of the unions policies and decisions that may affect them as members and also their responsibilities towards the union. Thus, RNs should be aware of the many accountability areas they should consider prior to engaging in any actions and activities related to their profession. Factors Affecting RNs Practice Different factors in the society affect the way RNs practice in varying ways. The culture and beliefs of the RN is one of the factors that may affect how these professionals carry out their roles and make decisions. Some cultural beliefs may contradict with the acceptable standards of care. For instance, an RNs culture may call for secrecy regarding revealing a patients serious condition. On the other hand, it is the right of the patients to be informed of their conditions and is supposed to make informed decisions. As such, if the RNs are unable to set aside their beliefs and act as per their professional standards they may be held accountable for their actions, similarly, personality of the RNs may impact on their practice in terms of the way they deal with human relations and their values and moral standpoints. As such, personality affects decision making and determines how health professionals react to issues. Additionally, RNs own experience may also impact on their practice. Mo re experienced nurses may be in a better position to address certain issues as opposed to newly recruited professionals. For instance, an experienced RN may be able to make a more accurate diagnosis. On the other hand, a nurse that is new in the profession may be at a better position to implement evidence-based practice as opposed to one that has been on the nursing industry for long. This is because it may take a while for the more experienced nurse to adopt to change and integrate the innovative practice in their nursing. Additionally, the one that has been in the nursing practice may be more experienced in other areas but may lack the evidence-based skills, knowledge, and experience. In this regard, it is important for RNs to be able to integrate values, ethics, and professionalism when making decisions and providing care, and be flexible. As such, different factors affect RNs practice. Benefits of Accountability Accountability of RNs presents with certain benefits. As Rachel (2012) states, accountability is an energizing drive in any organization that allows healthcare professionals to fulfill their goals easily. Every care provider builds credibility by holding each other accountable. On the contrary, where healthcare professionals lack accountability, they present excuses for not fulfilling their objectives (Rachel, 2012). Additionally, accountability of nurses allows for continuity of care. For instance, perioperative nurses are accountable when they provide care after surgery since hand overs are an important component of the safety of the patient that ensures that care givers are given sufficient information regarding the patient. As a consequence, patients receive high quality and safe care after surgery (Battie and Steelman, 2014). Accountability also ensures that nurses advocate for patients by acting on their behalf when they are incapable of communicating their needs. This ensures that patients are satisfied with the care they receive and they develop a sense of trust towards the care providers. What is more, it is through accountability that lifelong learning is exercised where nurses are accountable for learning continually on using best and current evidence in providing care. Lifelong learning thus allows utilization of evidence based care, which has been shown to improve patient outcomes and promote health (Battie and Steelman, 2014). These positive outcomes arise from the quality care offered by responsible nurses. Thus, accountability presents with many advantages that cannot be guaranteed in its absence. There are other advantages of accountability. As a nursing principle, accountability enhances performance and increases competency (OPM, n.d.). This occurs when clarity on how to accomplish tasks is offered to nurses and their roles and responsibilities are well defined. As Sherman (2013) states, professional accountability is achieved through making certain nurses professional responsibilities and roles, as well as clarity on how to accomplish tasks. Also, when nurses are provided with clear standards and metrics are set they guide the nurses actions, ensuring that their performance is improved. For accountability to be forged there are elements that should characterize RNs. Firstly, there should be clarity as outlined by Rachel (2012). Here, the RNs should be guided by clear and specific goals and expectations. The other element is commitment where an accountable RN not only gives orders to their juniors but also listens, understands, and commit to achieving the goal (Rachel, 2012). In this regard, RNs should be held accountable for their actions to ensure proper advocacy for patients, allowing for continuity of adequate care for patients through out. Shortcomings of Accountability The aspect of accountability does not present with positivity only as it presents with some shortcomings. For instance, RNs face the liability threat on a daily basis as they seek to be accountable for all the four entities. Therefore, the aspect of accountability may add pressure to the RNs as they try to act with accountability to the patients, employers, unions, and their profession. Additionally, as stated by Savage and Moore, (2014), as nurses try to act with accountability, they may feel pressured as they take on tasks such as documentation of their activities, some of which take their time away from making it a priority to offer direct care to patients. What is more, pressure to act according to certain terms may increase errors and inaccuracies and decrease the RNs level of competency (Savage and Moore, 2014). In addition to the accountability pressure that nurses have to put up with, there are other situations that make it difficult for nurses to act with accountability. For instance, if a nurse is working in a rural or remote area where the hospital fails to provide the necessary equipments that meet the standards of care, nurses may face a dilemma as to whether to compromise the set standards by the entities they are responsible for. In such a case, the issue of accountability poses questions such as whether the nurse should be held accountable for not providing care as per the set standards even when they are not provided with the necessary facilities. Another controversial issue regarding accountability may arise from nurses collaborative relationships with physicians and doctors. For instance, a nurse may receive erroneous directions from the doctors or physician in charge regarding the type of medication to offer a patient. Without their knowledge they may follow these orders and continue offering the wrong medication to a patient. As such, questions as to whether this nurse should be held accountable may arise. Notably, it is not the responsibility of a nurse to prescribe medication. Additionally, RNs may find themselves acting in contrary to defined roles. For example, as already stated, it is not up to nurses to make prescriptions. However, situations may force them to intervene when doctors are not in the hospital and prescribe medications in case of an emergency. Again, should they be held accountable for such acts even if they intervened to reduce risks to a patient? As such, there are other such factors that may compromis e RNs ability to implement the accountability principle when they have to deal with issues such as understaffing, unqualified college staff, inadequate equipment and resources, and security and safety. However, nurses should be able to uphold standards before acting while prioritizing accountability. For instance, to avoid situations where the RNs will not meet the necessary standards of their profession they can refuse to participate in such tasks. Rejecting such tasks will reduce chances of uncertainties to the RNs thus maintaining the standards of their profession and concerns relating to accountability. As a result, this will influence the wider health system to maintain high standards of care. Conclusion Thus, accountability in nursing has become an issue of concern especially with the changing healthcare world. However, it still remains to be an integral element of nursing practice and helps to improve patient care, life-long learning, advocating for patients, and continuity of care. As An preoperative RN, accountability may be advantageous since it ensures that patients are prepared efficiently for operations, leading to smooth surgery process. I should be held accountable for my actions since it will foster and motivate me to offer quality services. Accountability in nursing has been shown to improve the quality of care and patient outcomes. Additionally, it is through accountability as a principle that RNs are provided with guidelines through which they can prioritize and ensure that patients well-being is prioritized and the standards of care provided are acceptable. However, it also presents with detrimental impacts where it adds pressure on RNs, decreasing the time they spend directly caring for the patients as they act with accountability to other entities such as employers, and unions. Additionally, the aspect of accountability exposes RNs to liability threat in their day-to-day activities as they have to consider the entities they have to be accountable to, limiting the RNs competency and accuracy. However, the benefits of accountability seem to outweigh the shortcomings. In this regard, RNs should be held accountable for their own practice. References Aurora University. (2017). Responsibilities and duties of a registered nurse. Retrieved from https://online.aurora.edu/responsibilities-and-duties-of-a-registered-nurse/ Australian Medicare Local Alliance (2013). Clarifying the roles, responsibilities and accountabilities of Nursing Professionals and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Practitioners in primary care, including general practice. Retrieved from https://www.google.com/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=11cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwis3ZbglN7WAhXT0RoKHeeHDo4QFghWMAourl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ants.org.au%2Fants%2Fpluginfile.php%2F11%2Fmod_forum%2Fattachment%2F1437%2F20130620_doc_rolesandresponsibilitiesv1.pdfusg=AOvVaw1PcrTOcm-J55-X1iFgEKZ3 Battie, R. Steelman, V.M. (2014). Accountability in nursing practice: why it is important for patient care. AORN Journal. 100(5), 538=541. Charter College. (2017). Registered Nurse. Retrieved from https://nursingschool.chartercollege.edu/ Migrant Month. (2017). Accountability in nursing profession. Retrieved from www.migrantmonth.com/the-means-of-accountability-in-nursing-profession-essay-example Nursing and Midwifery Board of Ireland. (n.d.). Considerations in determining scope: responsibility, accountability autonomy. Retrieved from https://www.nmbi.ie/Standards-Guidance/Scope-of-Practice/Considerations-in-Determining-Scope/Responsibility,-Accountability-Autonomy Philips, E. (n.d.). Accountability, responsibility, liability. Canadian Nurses Protective Society. Retrieved from https://www.cnps.ca/index.php?page=88 Rachel, MM (2012). Accountability: a concept worth revisiting. American Nurses Association. 7(3). Registered Nurse. (2017). Registered nurse responsibilities, duties and job prospects. Retrieved from https://www.topregisterednurse.com/registered-nurse-job-description-and-duties/ Reid, S. (n.d.). What is professional responsibility in nursing? Chron. Retrieved from work.chron.com/professional-responsibility-nursing-10086.html Royal College of Nursing (n.d.). Accountability and delegation. Retrieved from https://www.rcn.org.uk/professional-development/accountability-and-delegation Savage, J., Moore, L. (2014). Interpreting accountability. RCN Institute. Retrieved from https://my.rcn.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/78605/002249.pdf Sherman, R. (2013). 5 ways to promote professional accountability in nursing. Emerging RN Leader. Retrieved from https://www.emergingrnleader.com/professional-accountability-in-nursing/

The Withered Arm free essay sample

Does Hardy portray a typical view of ghost stories with The Withered Arm? In my opinion I dont think so. Lets have a look at the comparisons. A typical ghost/ supernatural story has usually three ghost sightings but in The Withered Arm its a different story. The ghost of a living person appears once in the form of a vision. This is very unlike the stereotypical ghost stories of today. I feel Thomas Hardy has uncovered a whole new type of ghost story. One of the messages the story conveys is dont wish bad on others or it will come back to haunt you Our story is set in the ictional region of South West England known as Wessex. There we meet our three main characters, Rhoda Brook, Farmer Lodge and Gertrude Lodge. Rhoda is a faded milkmaid and twelve years before the story is set Rhoda had an affair and fell pregnant with Farmer Lodges child. We will write a custom essay sample on The Withered Arm or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As he was of a higher class, Farmer Lodge soon abandoned Rhoda and his child. He is now newly wed to the more suited, Gertrude. Although Rhoda had never met the new bride, she carried a strong grudge against her. One night Rhoda had a supernatural vision of the young Mrs Lodge with features shockingly distorted and wrinkled as by age These are some of the phrases used to describe the vision. Also Gertrude flashes her new ring at Rhoda taunting her, the fgure thrust forward its left hand mockingly. I feel this is the point in the story in which the reader is engaged. I do not feel this is typical of a ghost story, like I said previously; the vision was of a living person and not the undead. Setting doesnt play a strong part in the story but it is still important. Take the description of Rhodas house for example; a rafter showed like a bone protruding hrough the skin This allows the reader to empathise with Rhodas situation. The description of her house then goes on to say the walls were made of mud, this shows the reader Just how working class Rhoda is and how life must be a struggle for her and her son. Also the description of Egdon Heath and the atmosphere around it plays a significant role in the story. dark though it was as yet only early afternoon the wind howled dismally The language used describes the atmosphere of Egdon Heath as mysterious and quite frightening. This story is written in the third person so the reader can observe all the characters and also it makes the story unbiased. I dont feel in some ways the characters are typical of a ghost story and in some ways are not. The number of characters, a small amount, is typical of a ghost story. Also there is a fortune teller, conjuror Trendle, like in many supernatural stories. There are no ghost characters as such, making the story different to most other ghost/supernatural stories. Hardy uses chapters in his short story to create suspense and to break it down. The chapters often end on cliff hangers which hooks the reader in. The use of rhetorical questions proves a deal of suspense. Could this be the explanation, and had such things as this ever happened before? Hardy leaves a lot to the imagination for example, the egg in the glass, you never see what Gertrude sees in the glass and you never hear what conjurer Trendle says to her. This is left to the readers imagination. It is obvious what Gertrude sees in the glass, yet Hardy does not tell us, making the reader question what they originally thought. The d ream scene with Rhoda and Gertrude is an excellent example of how tension suspense and tension the fgure thrust forward its left hand mockingly addened mentally and nearly suffocated by pressure I think the ending of the story is very well done. For some the ending may seem rushed, but it is a short story and it delivers its message quickly but effectively. The twist in the story is that the young man being hanged was in fact Rhodas son and all three main characters are present for the first time. Hardy sums up at the end what happens after Gertrudes eath, following the hanging. This is important for the reader, as it ties together what happens with the characters later on in life. Hardy raises concerns about social class in The Withered Arm He feels that the working class were mistreated and shows this, in the description of Rhodas house, the fact that Rhodas son is so unimportant he doesnt have a name and, because of his working class how he was hanged as an example to trouble makers, even though he was innocent. He wants the reader to share his views. Hardys own life was somewhat similar to the events that happened n The Withered Arm He was an outcast when it came to working in London, Just like Rhoda in the dairy. His mother was of higher class than his father, like Rhoda, Farmer Lodge and the boy. This is significant to the story as it has some relation to Hardys personal life. Also he was a strong believer in the supernatural and supernatural forces and his mother would have known conjurors in the village he grew up in, people like conjuror Trendle. As a modern reader I feel that Hardy has succeeded in telling an effective tale as it scared me like it would have scared the readers in

Types of Plots

Types of Plots Types of Plots Types of Plots By Mark Nichol How many plot types are there, and does it really matter? And if you write nonfiction, rather than fiction, why should you read this post? (I guess you’ll have to read the post to find out.) Throughout the years, writers have posited various opinions about how many distinct types of stories exist. Several of the more prominent theories follow: Three Types William Foster Harris, in The Basic Patterns of Plot, suggests that the three plot types are the happy ending, the unhappy ending, and tragedy. What’s the difference between the second and third types? A tragedy is distinguished from an unhappy ending partly by the magnitude of the outcome but mostly in that the lead character attempts to do something marked by excessive pride, overweening ambition, or another character flaw and that the outcome seems preordained by fate. Seven Types Christopher Booker, in The Seven Basic Plot Points: Why We Tell Stories, lists the plot types as Overcoming the Monster, the Quest, the Voyage and Return, Rags to Riches, and the Rebirth, as well as Comedy and Tragedy. At first glance, the last two terms seem more like genres than plots, but a comedy, though it might also fit into one of the other five types, is often marked by a standard array of miscues and misadventures, and, as intimated in the previous paragraph, a tragedy has a narrow focus: The protagonist tempts fate, and fate responds. Another septet, one that may seem slightly off topic, is a list of plot conflicts, but the items encapsulate basic storylines as well. In (somewhat arbitrary) order of increasing complexity, the duels are person versus fate (or God), person versus self, person versus person, person versus society, person versus nature, person versus the supernatural, and person versus technology. Twenty Types Ronald Tobias, in 20 Master Plots and How to Build Them, shares a score of story types. I won’t list them all (you can easily find them through an online search), but they range from the basic (the Quest) to the moderately complex (Revenge) to the more sophisticated (Metamorphosis) and beyond. Thirty-Six Types Georges Polti, in The Thirty-Six Dramatic Situations, eschews the basics in favor of specific concepts including Daring Enterprise, Fatal Imprudence, and Erroneous Judgment, as well as several varieties of tales of love and sacrifice. (Again, the full roster is available by searching online.) Pigeonholing Plot Types Is it necessary for writers to consider these distinctions? Does one need to know the plot type of one’s story? Can’t you just write your story? You’re welcome to ignore categorization, but consider the benefits: By matching your story to one or more plot types, you can mine the traditions of that type (or those types). If you write a quest tale or a similar type whether set in a fantasy realm or in the real world without exploiting the rule of three, for example, it will lack the resonance of its forebears. You can, of course, defy expectations by avoiding clichà ©s, but if you give a name to the type of story you are telling, you are more likely to recognize opportunities to do so. But what does plot have to do with nonfiction? All stories even factual ones have a plot, and especially when you write narrative nonfiction, you should recognize the parameters you are following or exceeding. Is your profile of a person or a company or organization, or your account of an event or an incident, a tale of redemption, or one of hubris, or one of revolt against complacency or a predetermined path, or something else? Consider your story’s metaphorical and allegorical potential, and capitalize on its resemblance to other tales as you build it. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to use "on" and when to use "in"Latin Plural EndingsGrammatical Case in English

Case Study Chapter 12 How Do You Solve a Problem Like Maria

Chapter 12 How Do You Solve a Problem Like Maria - Case Study Example Maria is an excellent resource to the school; diversity encourages creativity among other new ideas, which enhances competitiveness of the institution in question. From the case study, we see her taking the initiatives of communicating to the less fortunate girls among other children with different challenges, which seem to affect their life in school. These kinds of the initiative will ultimately boost the performance of the school. Such girls will have the courage to face life challenges as they have a person who guides and motivates them. This idea came from Maria, and it is a clear example of a new idea, which boost competitiveness (Miller 227). Diversity creates an opportunity where an institution creates an effective environment, which meets global standards. In reference to the case study, we see it was through the diversity that they came to uphold the position of Maria in the District School. If they had not taken the initiative of hiring her, they would not have realized the benefits along with hiring women. Such standards enhance the institution’s competitiveness (Miller 227). Tokenism in this case is about challenges facing Maria, yet she does not have the authority to overcome some of these issues. Ideal example is the issue concerning role model. It is ethical for a teacher to be a role model to the students, but this practically possible if the administration is acting as a role model to the minor teachers as well. In this instance, Maria feels challenges because she is doing a lot, but getting little in return of her efforts (Miller 229). The tokenism issues that Maria has to deal with concerns doing a lot and getting little appreciation. They think it is a privilege to offer her the job opportunity, but they do not value the effort in classroom, supportive talks she offers to students and the community service duties. If I were the communication consultant

Is the Changing Attitude of Women towards Childbirth and Motherhood a Term Paper

Is the Changing Attitude of Women towards Childbirth and Motherhood a Cause of Seeking Abortions - Term Paper Example While it is unarguably agreed that issues of primary health care have been resolved to a great extent, their mental health and its implications on their attitudes towards their natural roles have been neglected; the changing attitudes of women towards childbirth and motherhood are a major cause of seeking abortions in modern society. Pointing out the correlation between abortions, illicit relationships and their risk to women’s health in Latin American women in â€Å"Clandestine induced abortion: prevalence, incidence and risk factors among women in a Latin American country " the report seeks to determine if these casual incidents of abortions are a major factor for their ill health. The rise in abortions during the regime of Reagan brought forth a study report that highlighted the degrading mental health of women as a major factor linking abortions. A pro-abortion Institution argued that it was women’s education and awareness of birth control as well as liberal promiscuity that caused drastic changes in decisions leading to abortions in society (2009). Although legalizing abortion made an impact on these figures, in "Sexuality, birth control, and abortion: a decision-making sequence." It is evident that changing trends in the attitudes of women towards their role as mothers and procreators that h ave actually made them seek abortions in the present society (1973). Abortion has been a topic of discussion for many thinkers. Not only the issues of women and their health but also a vital cause of concern for the whole society: mankind because it raises questions of morality and ethics in modern society. Comparisons in statistics of abortion making decisions with reference to geographical domains, educational standards, cultural and social backgrounds and as also the advent of technology in daily lives affected this issue of abortion to an extent unfathomable by most.  

Problems of Organisational Research

Problems of Organisational Research EVIDENCE AND THE PROBLEM OF ORGANISATIONAL RESEARCH. Research is a process that people go through in order to find out answers to questions in a systematic way, which will then increase their knowledge (Ghauri and Gronhaug, 2005) in Saunders et al (2007). The purpose of this review essay is to critically discuss evidence and the problem of organizational research, using four academic articles. This review will amongst other things, try to outline the debate on possible approaches to business research, look at the arguments for evidence based research and give an explanation of the problems identified with this approaches. The first article under review is by M. Saunders, P. Lewis and E. Thornhill, (2007) titled ‘The nature of business and management research, taken from their Research Methods for Business Students. This article discusses the debates on the status of business and management research. One popular aspect of this debate is on the ‘transdisciplinary nature of management research. This is a situation whereby knowledge from different disciplines helps management research in no small measure to advance, which otherwise cannot be gotten from the disciplines separately. Another debate arising from this article is ‘that research should complete a virtuous circle of theory and practice (Tranfield and Starkey, 1998) in Saunders et al (2007). This is whereby business and management research will have to apply both theory and practice to increase knowledge. The third debate which this article discusses is how management research can meet the double hurdle of been rigorous both in theory and method while engaging the world of practice and relevance (Hodgkinson et al, 2001) in Saunders et al (2007). This debate arises mainly from Gibbons et al (1994) work on the production of knowledge and its concepts. The implications of these debates are that business and management research will now have ‘to address business issues and practical managerial problems in addition to advancing knowledge and understanding. This however may turn out to be a problem because research that has no commercial value now might have value in the future (Huff and Huff, 2001) in Saunders et al (2007). The second article, ‘Evidence based management by Pfeffer and Sutton(2006), discusses the issue that managers, very much like doctors, rely on outdated knowledge, traditional ways of doing things and their own methods and skills. As with medicine according to Pfeffer and Sutton (2006), managers should in addition to practice and experience, use best logic and evidence to achieve better results. This is because, as opined by Pfeffer and Sutton (2006), even though research on medical practices abound, doctors do not use them. This is the case also with managers because as per their argument, ‘managers are actually much more ignorant than doctors†¦.and they are less eager to find out. Although Pfeffer and Sutton (2006) posit an evidence based movement among managers, they do not loose sight of the challenges which are that the evidence is weaker because everyone lays claim to been a management expert and because of the dynamics from one company to another, that what works for one company may not work for another company. Reasons why managers prefer to make decisions that are not based on new evidence without giving it a serious thought, according to Pfeffer and Sutton (2006) is that they rely heavily on past experience. Dogma and belief is another major driver of managers decisions while ideology has its own fair share of the blame. Hype and marketing also plays a major role in the decisions taken by managers as much as imitation of another companys style; so does casual benchmarking though if well utilized can be cost effective but what works in one company may not work for another. In spite of the factors militating against evidence based management, as posited by Pfeffer and Sutton (2006), ‘organizations will perform better if leaders knew and applied the best evidence. This boils down to the point of ‘providing training, technologies and work practices so staff can take the critical results of the best studies to the bedside. These managers can achieve through demanding evidence, adopting a neutral stance towards ideologies and theories, examining logic, treating the organization as an unfinished prototype, embracing the attitude of wisdom and cultivating the right balance of humility and decisiveness, Pfeffer and Sutton (2006). The third article under review, ‘The narrative of evidence based management: a polemic by Morrell K, (2008) discusses that evidence based management is an offshoot of evidence based medicine which tries to apply ‘the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions (Sackett et al 1996) in Morrell(2008). Based on the extensive research carried out in the field of evidence based management, agencies of government and policy makers have taken on board principles of evidence based management, even though there is still no consensus as to what really evidence is in management studies or on what will be used the determine the quality of evidence (Dopson, 2006) in Morrell (2008). This article also points out the political and moral implications for management both as research and practice, arguing that ‘current attempts to translate the principles of evidence based management have overlooked the role of ethics and judgments (Sackett et al, 1996) in Morrell (2008). Morrell (2008) is of the opinion that not all those pushing for ‘evidence based approaches were in tune with each other as they used different variants to achieve their own purposes. However, they share the view about the relationship that management research has to management practice and the modes of research and forms of knowledge production that it promotes. Morrell (2008) argues that ideology has a part to play in evidence based management and the strands which he identified which can be traced are pragmatism, progress, systematization, technique and accumulation. Based on these, there is a commitment to positivism which means that our knowledge of the social world increases through experiment and that there should be a more scientific approach to the research of the social. This, according to (Hammersly, 2001) in Morrell (2008), is explicit in the goal of building an evidence base or knowledge stock which will give evidence about the social world. Consequent upon these, those who are in support of evidence based approaches state the intention of carrying out research to inform practice as according to (Young et al, 2002) in Morrell(2008), a common belief is that evidence is key to encouraging the adoption of practices by those who are entrusted with policy formulation or other players. The third argument propounded here is the commitment to and development of a common language with the adoption and redefinition of key terms, ‘through, ‘objective, ‘transparent, ‘rigorous, ‘systematic and ‘narrative. Here, existing criticism has overlooked the lapses in evidence based literature, yet, making it too simple, restraint and regimentation will have both political and moral implications that can lead to liberty been curtailed, Morrell, (2008). From the arguments, it is clear that evidence based approach offers a fresh scope to analysis using an esthetic that highlights the political and moral implications of the approach to management. As opined by (McLaughlin 2001) in Morrell (2008), researchers aspire to a way of evaluating the quality of proven evidence. Morrell argues that the apparent lack of a common ground in management studies is a problem because consensus is needed if the study of management will grow. This is because even in medicine where there seems to be a certain level of agreement, ‘the adoption of promising practices is not governed by the principles of evidence, robust scientific evidence is not, of itself, sufficient to ensure diffusion Morrell (2008). The fourth and final article under review, ‘Dynamic Capabilities and Knowledge Management: an Integrative Role for Learning?, Eaerby-Smith and Prieto (2008), discusses the dynamic capabilities approach of strategic management (Eisenhardt and Martin, 2000; Teece, Pisano and Shuen, 1997) in Easterby-Smith and Prieto (2008) which sets out to show why some organizations succeed more than others in building competitive advantage within changing markets. Here, the management of knowledge has been put forward as a primary strategic initiative and the most important factor that will guarantee a sustained competitive edge for companies (Grant, 1996) in Easterby-Smith and Prieto (2008). While the dynamic capabilities school emphasizes the renewal of resources by reconfiguring them into new capabilities and competencies as posited by (Teece, Pisano and Shuen, 1997) in Easterby-Smith and Prieto (2008), While the dynamic capabilities school emphasizes the renewal of resources by reconfiguring them into new capabilities and competencies as posited by (Teece, Pisano and Shuen, 1997) in Easterby-Smith and Prieto (2008), according to (Cepeda and Vera, 2005) in Easterby-Smith and Prieto (2008), knowledge management research often focuses on providing solutions to managers to create, retain transfer and use an enterprises explicit and tacit knowledge. This article under review relates to the debate in the sense it shares some views with the other authors. According to Easterby-Smith and Prieto (2008), there are times when researchers, without been aware of it, use ideas and models drawn from other fields not knowing the discussions that have lead to the constructs coming to light, and this sometimes leads to a confusion of concepts between the fields. Again, because researchers may not know the potential limitations in the other field, they may build their research on quick sand. Furthermore, without proper information of the other field, researchers may loss opportunities to better develop their own fields. In relation to the other articles, the idea of knowledge management has become important due to the increased awareness of the importance of knowledge for a companies prosperity and survival, (Grant, 1996; Kogut and Zander, 1992) in Easterby-Smith and Prieto (2008). In this article, Lave and Wenger (1991), come up with the idea that knowledge is ‘situated in the practice of everyday work, while (Cook and Yanow, 1993; Nicolini and Meznar, 1995; Nicolini, Gherardi and Yanow, 2003) propound the idea that organizational knowledge is sustained through social processes within ‘communities of practice. In the light of all that that has been reviewed, it can be deduced that even though the writers of these articles seek to find the right approach to solving the problems of organizational research, they go about it in different ways and have their own views. They however share similar ideas and even though there is no consensus. REFERENCES: Easterby-Smith, M., Prieto, I.M. (2008), Dynamic Capabilities and Knowledge Management: an Integrative Role for Learning? British Journal of Management, 19, pp235-249. Morrell, K. (2008), â€Å"The Narrative of ‘Evidence Based Management: A polemic†, Journal of Management Studies, vol.45 no.3, pp613-635. Pfeffer, J and Sutton, R, (2006), ‘Evidence based management, Harvard Business Review, Jan, pp63-74. Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, E. (2007), ‘Research methods for Business Students, London: Prentice Hall, pp4-9.

Promotion and Pricing Strategies

Week 8 e-Activity Use the Internet or the Strayer Library to research a recent situation that has caused a business, not-for-profit organization, or government agency to suffer from bad publicity. Be prepared to discuss. â€Å"Promotion and Pricing Strategies† Please respond to the following: From the e-Activity, evaluate the situation of the organization you researched. Create a program outlining steps the organization might take to build better public relations. Ensure their search engines are being far to the consumer’s wants and needs.Rewrite its policy and procedures for marketing to support the consumers not just the brands they have a market share in. Employ outside audit agency to ensure coding is not limiting, collecting, or distributing user information even if it is for marketing. Take fault where fault should be taken, after all how can you say you don’t put other websites before others yet have a marketing team where you can buy key words that help m ove you up in your rankings. Source: http://www. computerworld. com/s/article/9230149/Bad_press_may_affect_Google_more_than_FTC_s_22. M_fine http://www. reuters. com/article/2012/10/12/us-google-ftc-antitrust-idUSBRE89B16G20121012 http://www. computerworld. com/s/article/9234096/Google_CEO_Page_said_to_meet_with_FTC http://www. nytimes. com/2012/10/13/technology/ftc-staff-prepares-antitrust-case-against-google-over-search. html? pagewanted=all From Case Study 13. 3, analyze the airline’s marketing strategy; its use of social media and free publicity. Speculate whether or not this strategy will allow the airline to reach its target market. Provide a rationale with your response.Pet travel is becoming part of the norm for travelers. Interesting is that hotel have started to adapt a more pet friend attitude to pets yet it took the airline industry a little longer to recognize this new segmented market. As a pet lover my dog goes with me on vacation so often I find it a challenge to find a flight to get my dog to go with me but easy to find places to rent. There are a lot of regulations for most companies that offer this service such as pet weight, bread, container of travel, and even destination. And I found all this true for Pet Airways as well.They seem to have a great concept but if you look at other airlines such as JetPaws better known as jetBlue not only do you get rewards points but there are more destinations and options for your pet. There are concerns with Pet Airways such as I’d rather my pet be on the same flight as me but as good as it sounds your pet will be on their own plan with other pets. With price ranging from 299 on up there are cheaper and faster options out there. Looking at the public relations side of the house I found several articles that spoke about writers visiting the Pet Airways but not given information or even a look at the pet holding area.There is one thing for sure those with pets who are taking this much care to make sure their pet is with them are more than likely going to want to check the entire facility out before checking their pets in. Just as the airline would do if you want your pet to fly with them. So this is where I would start: 8) Advertise in the top 3 animal pet stores (PetSmart, PetCo, and Pet Supplies Plus). 9) Take their youtube video (http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=sc2lvz1LGTc) and send out emails to customers via the top animal pet stores, local veterinarians in markets they service. Source: http://seniortravel. about. com/od/airtravel/a/PetAirways. htm

Lord of the Flies by William Golding

Lord of the Flies by William Golding is a dramatic novel filled with irony, fear and truth. It touches on many issues surrounding government, Christianity and democracy. The book focuses on society and through its effective use of conflict, gives us an idea what life would like without rules and civilization. The novel tells a story of a plane filled with British school boys that crashes on a deserted island during World War 2. The boys, struggling to survive, test their morals, values and beliefs. Conflict is developed throughout the novel in the form of man vs. ature, man vs. man, man vs. himself, and man vs. society. The first type of conflict that is developed in this novel in man vs. nature. The boys are stranded on an uninhabited, uncivilized island and have very limited resources available to them at their disposal. To survive, the boys start testing their morals and their survival instincts. At first, the boys are hesitant to do things that seem to be un-ethical, but eventually, even thought it conflicts with their prior beliefs, the boys give in and do what is necessary to survive. In the beginning of this novel, Jack and Ralph set out to explore the island. On their adventure they encounter a pig, which they realize would be good meat and make good food for the group. Jack is at first reluctant to kill the pig, because the idea of killing a living thing disturbs him and goes against his moral conduct. Throughout the novel, not only does Jack eventually accept and kill pigs, but, towards the end, Jack's warrior identity brutally murdered the sow and hung his head on a stick. One could say he developed a sort of sick obsession with killing. When he once killed out of necessity, he now kills just for sport. Another type of conflict that is present and dominant in this novel is man vs. man. In everyday life, people’s different personalities cause disagreements and arguments. As with any group of people, everyone will not always agree on everything and see eye to eye. When you are talking about a bunch of kids with no adult figure to control them, the arguments and disagreements are pushed to an extreme. To better civilize the island, the boys decide to elect a leader, essentially an adult figure to keep things in order. Ralph gets elected as leader, which isn’t to Jack’s liking. Jack’s jealousy causes the boys to be in constant competition trying to prove that they are better suited for the job. The competition eventually causes the group to split into two different â€Å"tribes,† with Ralph as one leader and Jack as the other. The boys are fighting and arguing constantly. The splitting of the group marks the point where the boys make shift society crumbles. A third type of conflict is man vs. himself which is also a prominent type of conflict found in this novel. During the course of this novel the boys experience a lot of internal conflict. Each individual character in the novel must struggle with this and essentially choose to retain their ‘civilization' or join with the ‘savages. ‘ Not only do they experience regular, everyday conflict, like we all do- doubts and fears confronting with knowledge and heart. Struggling with decisions to be made and whether the decision is the right one. -the boys also battle between the pervious beliefs that their parent’s/guardians have instilled in them vs. heir survival instincts. Ralph experiences inner conflict while trying to make the groups decisions; doubting whether he is a good leader; wishing he was more logical like Piggy. Simon, very obviously experienced inner conflict through talking to the Lord of the Flies. In fact, Lord of the Flies was simply a product of Simon’s dehydration and inner thoughts. Simon drove himself crazy while struggling with his internal conflict, to the point where he became internally damaged. Samneric also experience inner conflict towards the end of this novel. They were loyal to Ralph and wanted to stick by him, but they knew in order to survive they must join Jack’s tribe. Even though they didn’t like Jack, and disagreed with him and his savagery, they did what they had to do to survive. The final type of conflict found in this novel is man vs. society. From the beginning of the novel, the boys form what seems to be a democratic group. The things that they do, like electing a leader, assigning jobs and positions, and creating a set of rules to live by all support the makings of any democratic group. Some of the boy’s opinions conflict with the society’s, and the boys begin to question the rules. Jack actually challenges the society by trying to get Ralph to be kicked off as their leader and to get himself elected in his place, this marks the first major conflict within their makeshift society. When Jack breaks off from society and takes a group of boys with him, the â€Å"society† is totally disregarded. Jack and his tribe become total savages, leaving the rules and the society with them. The total disregard for society is what ultimately causes the deaths of both Simon and Piggy. The boys because they broke away from society and no longer have any rules, decent so far into savagery that they aren’t even aware how horrible their actions are. This novel efficiently uses many different types of conflict to show us how society would deteriorate and turn into chaos without rules. The boys on the island go from being well-mannered school boys to savages in a matter of weeks. It shows us that even though we all imagine how nice it would be if we totally disregarded all rules, that society would cease to exist without them! Lord of the Flies by William Golding Working his way up Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Ralph a character in Lord of the Flies by William Golding achieves needs for self actualization. Based on Ralph’s behavior he fulfills each need of the lower level before going up, thus he supports Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Towards the end of the novel Ralph was hungry and knew his life was in grave danger because Jacks troops were hunting him. He sacrificed his safety for needs to get food, a basic physical need. Ralph approached Sam and Eric to gather information and hopefully receive some of the pig so that he could eat. Ralph screamed, a scream of fright and anger and desperation†¦he swerved as a spear flew past and then was silent, running. † In that scene of the book Ralph was being chased by Jack and his hunters. This action supports Maslow’s Hierarchy because physical needs must be fulfilled before safety. Ralph risked his needs for safety in order to get food. All the younger boys look up to Ralph so he feels their love, affection and belongingness. After the boys were done building some of the shelters they asked â€Å"What should we do Ralph what should we do now? On the island Ralph gained the other boys respect and was made to be chief. After Ralph knew all the boys were behind him and respected what he had to say he was able to move up to the next level on Maslow’s Hierarchy. Ralph gained self esteem in that he possessed the conch shell, thus helping him achieve self actualization or becoming the chief. Once all the boys were gathered on beach by the mighty blow of the conch, they wanted to vote for a chief and Ralph won unanimously. â€Å"Let him be chief with the trumpet thing. Ralph raised his hand for silence. † Right then Ralph had the respect of the boys. Achieving needs for esteem leading to self actualization in that he had become what he was chief. Ralph achieved Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs because he was â€Å"born to be† chief, supporting the theory. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is applicable in real life; people fallow the different levels in everyday activities. However it is difficult to accomplish yet alone maintain self actualization because people struggle with self-esteem and belongingness. Ralph was able to do so because he was one of the older boys on the island which made him more responsible. He stepped up to the table and focused on what he needed to do for his survival.